呼吸系統解剖與剖面

中文譯文　嬰兒通過哭聲與外界交流，其哭聲常因多種原因而各不相同；健康嬰兒與特定病理狀態（如神經系統損傷）嬰兒的哭聲也可能不同。身心狀態的變化都可引起啼哭。嬰兒哭聲具有多種特徵，包括音調、速率與音量的變化。哭聲可以作爲嬰兒健康與情緒狀態的生物學指標。爲便於及時救治，父母與照護者可以通過觀察和識別嬰兒哭聲的特徵，有效瞭解嬰兒的狀態。對神經系統疾病或重症嬰兒哭聲的分析，有助於疾病早期診斷，保護嬰兒免受運動與智力損傷。本文討論嬰兒哭聲的生理過程、成因、分析與應用，旨在填補現有文獻在嬰兒哭聲多維度（生理、病理、心理）分析與深度學習應用系統整合方面的空白，並強調嬰兒哭聲作爲生物學指標及其在精準照護中的應用潛力。

Infants communicate with the outside world through their cries, which often differ for various reasons. Moreover, the cries of healthy and specific pathological conditions (e.g., neurological damage) can be different. Changes in the physical and mental states can cause crying. Infant cries are characterised by a variety of features, including changes in pitch, tempo, and volume. Crying can serve as a biological indicator of an infant's health and emotions. To facilitate timely treatment, parents and caregivers can effectively understand the state of their infant by observing and identifying the characteristics of their cries. Analysis of the cries of infant with neurological disorders or severe diseases may facilitate early diagnosis of diseases and protect an infant from motor and intellectual impairments. In this article, we discuss the physiological process, causes, analysis, and application of infant cry. The purpose of this article was to fill the gap in the existing literature on the systematic integration of multi-dimensional (physiological, pathological, and psychological) analysis and deep learning applications of infant crying, and to highlight the potential of infant crying as biological indicator and in precision care.